You're a flight instructor or safety pilot scanning for traffic while your friend flies an approach under the hood. Suddenly, a VFR airplane cuts off your final approach.
If you can't safely maintain the required climb gradient for an instrument departure, a VCOA might be a great option. Here's what you need to know before you fly one under IFR.
You're departing from Houston on the RITAA Seven Departure, which has five altitude crossing restrictions. ATC tells you to "climb and maintain 15,000." Do you still need to meet the crossing restrictions?